View source for Subtitles

Subtitles are textual retranscriptions of audio tracks

== Different kind of subtitles ==
'''''1) Burned-in subtitles (or "hard subs")'''''

Which can be compared to "hot iron cow branding"
Now that they're burned in the image, there is no way to make them disappear properly, as they're totally part of the image.
These burned-in subtitles won't appear in VLC subtitle menu and there is no way to hide them

'''''2) Soft subtitles'''''

Imagine our movie is a single AVI file.
Those "soft" subtitles are hidden somewhere within the AVI file, but they're not burned in the image.
You may find different languages for these soft subtitles (for example up to 8 different languages in the same AVI !)
Those soft subtitles will appear in VLC subtitle menu (one menu bar = 1 language) and you can tick the one you want (or untick all if you don't want to see any subtitle)
At least, you know they are embedded in the movie and you can make them appear or disappear at your wish.

'''''3) External subtitles'''''

These are external individual files: most usual are .srt files (which contain only 1 language) or the couple of files .sub + .idx that may contain up to 32 different languages !)


If you want those external subtitles files to be opened automatically when you double click a movie in Windows Explorer, then you'll have to give those external subtitles files the same name that your movie, for example :

'''Dark Star.avi''' <= the movie file

'''Dark Star.srt''' <= the external subtitle file

If both names match, then VLC will automatically open the subtitle file and display subtitles, as soon as you double click the movie file name.
This 3rd kind of subtitles (external files) will appear in VLC subtitle menu, and you can tick /untick them, at your wish.

'''''For more information see [[What_can_vlc_do#How_to_enable.2Fuse_subtitles|how to enable / use subtitles]]'''''

== Subtitles formats ==

There are a lot of different types of external subtitle files. Most contain textual data. That is the subtitle
and a [[timestamp]] at which this subtitles is to be shown. Some of these allow for additional formatting, others 
don't.

=== Textual subs ===
* [[SubRip]]
* [[SubViewer]]
* [[SAMI]]
* [[MicroDVD]]
* [[VPlayer]]
* [[SubStation Alpha]]
* [[JacoSub]]
* [[MPsub]] 
* [[USF]]
* [[CMML]]

=== Pictures-based subs ===
There are also subtitles which are essentially pictures instead of text. These kind of subtitles are used in DVDs, VCDs and the external [[VobSub]] files.

* [[DVD subtitles]]
* [[DVB subtitles]]
* [[VobSub]]
* [[CVD]]
* [[OGT]] and [http://www.vcdimager.org/pub/vcdimager/manuals/0.7/svcd-ogt-subtitles.html SVCD Subtitle (OGT) Information]{{dead link}}

=== File Format/Container embedding subtitles ===
There are also some fileformats to which you can add subtitles. These include:

* [[MOV]]
* [[MP4]]
* [[OGM]]
* [[Matroska]] 
* [[AVI]]
* [[TS]]

It is not easy to stream subtitles. DVB or DVD subtitles encapsulated in a TS MPEG stream is your best bet.

== Subtitles support in VLC== 

{| class="wikitable sortable" style="font-size: smaller; text-align: center; width: 100%; margin: 1em auto 1em auto; border : 1px"
|+ '''Subtitles Status'''
|-
! Subtitle Name !! Extension !! Subtitle Type !! Character Encoding !!Line Break !! Text Styling  !! Metadata Info !! Timings !! Timing Precision || {{VLC}} Support
|-
! AQTitle
|| *.aqt || Text-based || None || {{Yes}} || {{No}} || {{No}} || Framings || Dependent on Frame || {{Yes}} (0.9.0 and over)
|-
! [[CVD]]
|| *.cvd || Image-based || N/A || N/A || N/A ||  {{No}} || Elapsed Time || Don't know || {{Yes}}
|-
! DVB Subtitles
|| N/A (in DVB streams) || Image-based || N/A || N/A || N/A ||  {{No}} || Elapsed Time || Don't know || {{Yes}}
|-
! DKS
|| *.dks || Text-based || None ||  {{Yes}} || {{No}} || {{No}} || Elapsed Time|| Don't know || {{Yes}} (0.9.0 and over)
|-
! JACOSub
|| *.jss || Text-based || None || {{Yes}} ||{{Yes}} || {{No}} || Elapsed Time || 10 Milliseconds (1/100th sec) || {{Yes}} (0.9.0 and over), no styles
|-
! Kate
|| N/A (inside OGG) || Text-based || None || {{Yes}} ||{{Yes}} || {{No}} || Don't know || Don't know || {{Yes}} (0.9.0 and over), no styles
|-
! [[MicroDVD]]
|| *.sub || Text-based || None || {{Yes}} || {{No}} || {{No}} || Framings || Dependent on Frames || {{Yes}}
|-
! MPEG-4 Timed Text
|| .ttxt || XML || Don'tknow || Don'tknow || {{Yes}} || {{No}} || Elapsed Time || 1 Millisecond || {{Yes}}
|-
! MPL2
||*.mpl/.txt||Text-based || None|| {{Yes}} ||  {{No}}  || {{No}} ||  Sequential Time||  100 Milliseconds (1/10th sec) || {{Yes}}, no italic
|-
! MPSub
||*.sub||Text-based || None|| {{Yes}} ||  {{No}}  || {{Yes}} ||  Sequential Time||  10 Milliseconds (1/100th sec) || {{Yes}} (0.9.0 and over)
|-
! OggWrit
|| N/A (inside Oggs) || Text-based || None ||  {{No}} || {{Yes}} || {{Yes}} || Sequential Granules || Dependent on Bitstream  ||{{Untested}}- Not specified yet.
|-
! Phoenix Subtitle
|| *.pjs||Text-based || None|| {{No}} || {{No}} || {{No}} ||  Framings|| Dependent on Frames|| {{Yes}} (0.9.0 and over)
|-
! PowerDivX
|| .psb || Text-based || None || {{No}} || {{No}} || {{No}} ||  Elapsed Time || 1 Second || {{Yes}} (0.9.0 and over)
|-
!  Blu-Ray
|| N/A || Image-based || N/A || N/A || N/A ||  {{No}} || Elapsed Time || Don't know || {{Yes}} (1.1.0 and over)
|-
! RealText / SMIL
|| *.rt|| HTML-based || Unicode (UTF-8)||  {{Yes}}||  {{Yes}} (SMIL) || {{No}} || Elapsed Time|| 10 Milliseconds (1/100th sec) || {{Yes}} (0.9.0 and over)
|-
! [[SAMI]]
|| *.smi|| HTML-based ||  Unicode (Windows-1252) ||  {{Yes}}||  {{Yes}} (CSS)||{{Yes}}||  Framings|| Dependent on Frames || {{Yes}}
|-
! Structured Subtitle Format
| .ssf || XML || None || {{No}} || {{Yes}} || {{Yes}} || Elapsed Time || 1 Millisecond || {{No}}
|-
! [[SubRip]]
|| *.srt|| Text-based || Informally Unicode || {{Yes}}||  {{No}} || {{No}} || Elapsed Time|| 1 Millisecond (1/1000th sec) || {{Yes}}
|-
! [[Sub Script Alpha |SSA/ASS]]
||  *.ssa|| Text-based || None|| {{No}} || {{Yes}} ||  {{Yes}}||  Elapsed Time|| 10 Milliseconds (1/100th sec) || {{Yes}}, 0.9.0 and over
|-
! [[SubViewer]]
||*.sub|| Text-based || None|| {{Yes}}||  {{No}} || {{Yes}}||  Elapsed Time|| 10 Milliseconds (1/100th sec) || {{Yes}}
|-
! [[SVCD]]
|| *.svcd || Image-based || N/A || N/A || N/A ||  {{No}} || Elapsed Time || Don't know || {{Yes}}
|-
! Universal Subtitle
|| *.usf|| XML ||  Unicode (UTF-8)||  {{No}} ||  {{Yes}} (XML DTD)||{{No}} || Elapsed Time|| 1 Millisecond (1/1000th sec) || {{Yes}}, 0.9.0 and over
|-
! [[VobSub | VOBSub]]
|| *.sub, *.idx|| Image-based ||  N/A||  N/A||  N/A||  N/A||  Elapsed Time|| 1 Millisecond (1/1000th sec) || {{Yes}}
|-
! [[VPlayer]]
||  *.txt|| Text-based || None|| {{Yes}}||  {{No}} || {{No}} || Framing or Time||  10 Milliseconds (1/100th sec) || {{Yes}}
|-
! DivX Subtitles (XSUB)
|| N/A (embedded in .divx) || Image-based || N/A || N/A || N/A || {{No}} || Elapsed Time || 1 Millisecond || {{Yes}}, 1.1.0 and over
|}

== Container format ==
{{mux|id=subtitle|encoder=n}}
The subtitles module is used to read subtitle text files.

* sub-fps ([[float]])
*: Override the normal frames per second settings. This will only work with MicroDVD and SubRIP (SRT) subtitles. Default: 0.0 (get from file).
* sub-delay ([[integer]])
*: Apply a delay to all subtitles (in 1/10s, eg 100 means 10s). Default 0.
* sub-type ([[string]])
*: Force the subtiles format. Valid values are :
*:* microdvd
*:* subrip
*:* ssa1
*:* ssa2-4
*:* ass
*:* vplayer
*:* sami
*:* dvdsubtitle
*:* auto (default)

== Source code ==
{{file|modules/demux/subtitle.c|input demuxer}}

== See also ==
* [[SongSubtitles.org|SongSubtitles.org and VLC]]
* [http://dvd0101.com/blog/how-to-extract-subtitle-from-dvd.html How to extract subtitles from DVD]

[[Category:Subtitles|*]]