XML
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XML is an acronym for extensible markup language. It is a compromise between machine language and regular text. It resembles HTML (and can be mixed with HTML in some cases to make XHTML). It looks like this:
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<location>
<country>France
<region>Île-de-France
<department>Hauts-de-Seine
<arrondissement>Antony
<canton>Châtenay-Malabry
<university>École Centrale Paris</university>
</canton>
</arrondissement>
</department>
</region>
</country>
</location>
The tags are readable by humans with some effort, and machines can parse XML as a data tree. Subtitle formats are sometimes written in XML.