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| | IP stands for Internet Protocol. It's the protocol the Internet was built on. | | IP stands for Internet Protocol. It's the protocol the Internet was built on. |
| | | | |
| − | IP allows large, geographically diverse networks of computers to communicate with each other quickly and economically over a variety of physical links. An Internet Protocol Address (IP address) is the numerical address by which a location in the Internet is identified. Computers on the Internet use IP addresses to route traffic and establish connections among themselves; people generally use the human-friendly names made possible by the Domain Name System. Source: [http://www.icann.org/general/glossary.htm ICANN].
| + | <blockquote>The set of rules that govern how devices communicate over the Internet. The Internet Protocol specifies the format of the packets that devices use to transmit messages through the network. It also specifies the addressing scheme that routers use to transmit messages to their destinations.</blockquote> Source: [https://www.icann.org/icann-acronyms-and-terms/en/G0256 ICANN]. |
| | | | |
| − | IPv4 is the original implementation. Gradually everyone is trying to go to IPv6 which has way more potential addresses. With this new version every electronic device in the world is supposed to be able to get an IP address assigned. IPv6 supports techniques like [[multicast]], [[anycast]], [[DHCP]] and [[IPsec]] natively. | + | IPv4 is the original implementation. Gradually everyone is trying to go to IPv6 which has way more potential addresses. With this new version every electronic device in the world is supposed to be able to get an IP address assigned. IPv6 supports techniques like [[multicast]], [[anycast]], <abbr title="Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol">DHCP</abbr> and IPsec (encryption for packets) natively. |
| | | | |
| | IPv4 addresses look like: | | IPv4 addresses look like: |
| | | | |
| − | 192.0.34.163 | + | 192.0.34.163 |
| − | | |
| | | | |
| | IPv6 addresses look like: | | IPv6 addresses look like: |
| | | | |
| − | fe80::230:65ff:fe6c:fa88 | + | fe80::230:65ff:fe6c:fa88 |
| | | | |
| − | | + | Higher level protocols like [[TCP]], [[UDP]], [[RTP]], [[RTSP]], etc., all use IP. 5 standard routing schemes are available: |
| − | Higher level protocols like: TCP, UDP, RTP, RTSP et etc etc, all use IP. | + | * [[anycast]] |
| − | IP has 4 different methods it can be used in:
| |
| − | * [[unicast]] | |
| | * [[broadcast]] | | * [[broadcast]] |
| | + | * [[geocast]] |
| | * [[multicast]] | | * [[multicast]] |
| − | * [[anycast]] (IPv6 only) | + | * [[unicast]] |
| | <pre> | | <pre> |
| − | There are several more sending paradigms (not implemented in the IP standards?). These include manycast | + | There are several more sending paradigms (not implemented in the IP standards?). |
| − | (multicast/anycast mix), groupcast, somecast (realtime adaptive reliable multicasting). | + | These include manycast (multicast/anycast mix), groupcast, somecast (realtime adaptive reliable multicasting). |
| | The freaks can google them. | | The freaks can google them. |
| | </pre> | | </pre> |
| | | | |
| | ===See also=== | | ===See also=== |
| − | [http://ietf.org/rfc/rfc791.txt RFC IPv4] | + | *[https://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc791 RFC IPv4] |
| − | [http://www.ipv6.org/ IPv6 website] | + | *[http://www.ipv6.org/ IPv6 website] |
| − | [http://ietf.org/rfc/rfc2133.txt RFC IPv6 basic] | + | *[https://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc2133 RFC IPv6 basic] |
| − | [http://ietf.org/rfc/rfc2292.txt RFC IPv6 advanced] | + | *[https://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc2292 RFC IPv6 advanced] |
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