Documentation:Play HowTo/Basic Use

Note: this documentation is for versions 0.9 and newer and is under construction. For simple help with 0.9 see VLC for dummies: an introduction to VLC. For older versions please see and Basic Use.

About VLC media player

VLC media player is a highly portable multimedia player for various audio and video formats such as MPEG-1, MPEG-2, MPEG-4, DivX, mp3 and ogg. It also plays DVDs, VCDs, and various streaming networks. In addition to playing audio and video files, VLC media player provides additional formats which can be played and customized.

VLC media player was initially known as VideoLAN Client. However, in recent years, the software has also become an extremely powerful server to stream live and on-demand video in several formats to the intranet network and the Internet.

It started as a student project at the French École Centrale, Paris, but is now a worldwide project with developers from more than 20 countries.

VLC is built in a modular way. This means that you can choose from a range of different modules to decide how to control VLC and how to display the video output.

Note: The screenshots are taken from the MS Windows XP version. On other operating systems they might appear slightly different.

Understanding the VLC interface

VLC has several interfaces:

• A cross-platform interface, for Windows and GNU/Linux, called wxWidgets,
• A native Mac OS X interface, and
• A skinnable interface for Windows and GNU/Linux.

Screenshots below are drawn from the various interfaces, but VLC's functions work essentially the same on all operating systems.

Windows and GNU/Linux (Qt)

The main interface of VLC media player looks as shown in the following figure. This is the default interface on Windows and GNU/Linux (the screenshot is done on Windows, but it would look quite the same on GNU/Linux).

Starting VLC Media Player

To start VLC Media Player

1. Select Programs from the Start menu.
2. Select VideoLAN and select the VLC media player.

When you start VLC media player, the application appears on the screen and a small icon File:VLCIcon.jpg appears in the taskbar. Click on the icon in the taskbar to show or hide the icon in the taskbar. Hiding the icon does not amount to quitting the application. It does run in the background even when you hide the interface.

Stopping VLC Media Player

To quit the application, right click on the File:VLCIcon.jpg icon in the tray and select Quit.
Or
Click the Close button in the main interface of the application.

Taskbar Icon

When VLC media player is running, its icon File:VLCIcon.jpg appears in the taskbar. Click on the icon in the taskbar to show or hide the icon in the taskbar. Hiding the icon does not amount to quitting the application. It does run in the background even when you hide the icon. Basic operations such as opening, playing or stopping a media file, or changing a track can be done from the menu obtained by right clicking the taskbar icon. The main interface contains a couple of sections:

Main Interface

Menu bar
The menu bar at the top contains all the options.
Track slider
The track slider is below the menu bar. It shows the progress of playing the media file. You can drag the track slider left to rewind or right to forward the track being played. When a video file is played, the video appears between the menu bar and track slider.
Note: When a media file is streamed, the track slider does not move because VLC cannot know the total duration.

Control Buttons
The buttons below the slider help in controlling the play.

Button	Description
	Toggles between play and pause
	Moves to the previous track
	Stops the play
	Moves to the next track
	Displays the application in a full-screen mode
	Displays the play list
	Displays a menu of options to have audio and video effects, and synchronising the audio and video media.
	Toggles between mute and voice. Click on it to mute or un-mute.
	Volume slider. Displays the volume level. You can adjust the volume by placing the cursor on this icon and moving it left or right. The number indicates the percentage of amplification. Maximum is 200%.

Additional Information

At the bottom of the interface we can find information regarding name of the media file being played, the relative speed at which it is being played, and the elapsed and total duration of the file are displayed. There is an option to increase or decrease the speed of the track.

Right click on the icon to change the playing speed of the track.

Menu	Option	Description
Media	Open File	Select this option to open a media file and play it.
	Advanced Open File	Select this option to open files through a folder, disc, network or a capture device.
	Open Folder	Select this option to open a folder with multiple media files and play them in order.
	Open Disc	Select this option to open discs with different video format.
	Open Network	Select this option to receive media files from Internet and play them.
	Open Capture Device	Select this option to receive media files from capture devices such as camcorder, webcam and so on.
	Convert/Save	Select this option to convert media files to different media file formats.
	Streaming	Select this option to send media files through network and play them live.
	Quit	Select this option to quit the application.
Audio	Audio Track	Select this option to disable or enable an audio track.
	Audio Device	Select this option to convert the stereo audio files to mono and vice-versa.
	Audio Channel	Select this option to select a audio channel.
	Visualization	Select this option to display splashes of colour and geometric shapes while listening to an audio file.
Video	Video Track	Select this option to disable or enable a video track.
	Subtitles	Select this option to load subtitle files for video files requiring subtitles.
	Full Screen	Select this option to view the media file in the entire screen.
	Zoom	Select this option to zoom in or zoom out a video track.
	Deinterlace	Select this option to convert interlaced video signals into non-interlaced form.
	Aspect Ratio	Select this option to adjust the width to height ratio of the video.
	Crop	Select this option to crop the edges of a video track.
	Always on Top	Select this option to display the application always on top when other applications or files are open.
	Direct X wall paper	Select this option to make the video which is being displayed to become the wall paper.
	Snapshot	Select this option to capture snapshots of video being displayed.
Playback	Go to specific time	Select this option to move the track slider to a specific frame of the video or audio file. The media file starts playing from that instance.
	Bookmarks	Select this option to bookmark the media file.
	Title	Select this option to randomly access a particular movie in a DVD.
	Chapter	Select this option to randomly access a particular chapter in a movie.
	Program	To be added
	Navigation	Select this option to navigate to different titles and their corresponding chapters.
Playlist	Additional Sources	Select this option to access the additional sources such as podcasts, SAP announcements, radio and TV shoutcasts, French TV and Freebox TV.
	Show Playlist	Select this option to view and play the media files listed in the playlist.
	Load Playlist File	Select this option to load the playlist files.
	Save Playlist to File	Select this option to save the current playing media in the preferred format.
	Save Playlist to File	Select this option to save the current playing media in the preferred format.
Tools	Playlist	Select this option to view and play the media files listed in the playlist.
	Extended Settings	Select this option to adjust the audio and video effects.
	Add Interface	Select this option to view VLC media player using different interfaces.
	Minimal view	Select this option to have a minimal view of the application.
	Fullscreen Interface	Select this option to have a full screen view of the application.
	Advanced controls	Select this option to access snapshot and loop controls.
	Messages	To be added
	Media Information	Select this option to view information regarding the media file being played.
	Codec Information	Select this option to view codec information of the media file being played.
	Bookmarks	Select this option to bookmark the media file.
	VLM Configuration	To be added
	Preferences	Select this option to give preferred settings to audio, video, subtitles, codecs and hotkeys.

Opening a File

The Media menu can be used to open a file. VLC offers a range of options to open media files. See the table below to see the available options. When you open a file, the file is played according to the default play options.

Option	Shortcut Key	Description
Open File	Ctrl+O	Use this option to play a single media file from a specified location on the hard disk.
Advanced Open File		In addition to opening a file from a hard disk, you can open files from a disc, from any computer on the network or directly from a capturing device. You can also open a subtitles file associated with the selected media file. You can also set a few playing options. Refer to Advanced File Open.
Open Folder	Ctrl+F	Use this option to play all the files in a certain folder.
Open Disc	Ctrl+D	Use this option to play files from a disc. Based on the type of disc you select, you can have a few more playing options. Refer to Opening a file from a disc.
Open Network	Ctrl+N	Use this option to open a file present on any system on the network to which you are currently connected. You can also set a few playing options. Refer to Opening a file on the network
Open Capture Device	Ctrl+C	Use this option to open a file directly from a capturing device which is currently connected to your system. You can also set a few playing options. Refer to Opening a file from the capturing device.
Convert / Save	Ctrl+R	Use this option to convert a media file from one format to another. Refer to Converting a media file into another format.
Streaming	Ctrl+S	Use this option to stream a recorded media file. Refer to Streaming a media file.

You can open audio or video files. A file can be opened in two ways.

1. From the Media menu select the Open File option or the Advanced Open File option.
2. Select the File tab in the Open dialog box.
3. Enter file name in the File names box or browse and select a file.
4. Select a format from the Filter list. The supported formats are .a52, .aac, .ac3, .dts, .p3, .ogg, .oma, .spx, .wav, .wma and .wm.
5. Check the Use a subtitle file option to select a subtitles file to be viewed with the media file.
   From the Alignment list, select an option to align selected subtitle. The available options are Left, Right and Center.
   From the Size list, select a font size for the selected subtitle. The available options are Small, Smaller, Normal, Large and Larger.
6. Click Open. VLC starts playing the selected file with the default options.

Advanced File Open

To open a file

1. Select the Advanced Open File option from the Media menu.
2. The Open file dialog box is displayed. There are four tabs such as File, Disc, Network and Capture Device.

Refer to the following sections for more details:

Opening a media file with advanced options
Opening a folder
Opening a media disc
Opening a media network
Opening a capture device

Additional Playing Options

When you select the File tab after selecting the Advanced Open File menu, apart from selecting a file you have the following choices:

Caching: When you specify caching value for a media file, the stream is still rendered by VLC media player at the specified data rate, but the client system buffers a much larger portion of the content before rendering it. This allows the client to handle variable network conditions without a perceptible impact on the playback quality of either on-demand or broadcast content. Specify a caching value so that the file is played smoother. The default value is 300 milliseconds.

Customizing: File names from different locations can be added directly into the Customize box without having to browse the folders.

Synchronous play: Play another file in synch with the selected file.

Start time: Not play the file from the beginning. If start time is specified as 120 seconds, the file is played after skipping the content of the first two minutes. (Specify time in seconds; not minutes)

Opening a Folder

You can select a folder to play all media files one after the other in that folder.

1. Select the Open Folder option. The Browse for Folders dialog box is displayed.
2. Browse and select the folder.
3. Click on OK.

All the files present in the selected folder are played in the alphabetical order, one after another, without expecting any action from you.

Opening a Disc

You can open media files from a disc. In VLC, you can play Audio CDs, SVCD/VCDs, and DVDs. You can open a file from a disc in two ways.

1. Select the Open Disc option from the Media menu.
   Or
   Select the Advanced Open File option from the Media menu.
The Open dialog box is displayed.
2. Select the Disc tab.
3. Check the type of disc connected to the system. The options are Audio CD, DVD, and SVCD/VCD.
4. In the Disc Device box, by default, the path for the disc is displayed. You may select a different path using the Browse button.
   Click on the Eject button. The disk drive opens automatically and you can check if the drive is empty or if the correct disc is in the drive.
5. Based on the selected disc type, specify the following options:
• DVD
• Some original DVDs may have complex, proprietary menu options and VLC may not handle all the options well. If you check the No DVD menus option, VLC reads the raw video files directly into the film regardless of the options present while creating the original DVD. Check this option if you want to listen to or view the basic version without availing the menus present in the DVD.
• When a DVD is played, the entire disc need not be played. To specify the part to be played, specify the Title and Chapter number in the Starting Position box.
• Under the Audio and Subtitles group, select the Subtitles track and Audio track.
• Audio CD
In the Track box of the Starting Position group, select the track number at which the play should start.
• SVCD/VCD
In the Starting Position group, specify the Entry number at which the play should start. Under the Audio and Subtitles group, select the Subtitles track and Audio track.
6. Check Show more options to see more play options. Refer to Additional playing options.

Playing more than one media file

VLC has an option to play two media files synchronously.

1. From the Media menu, select the Advanced Open File option.
The Open dialog box is displayed.
2. Select a media file.
3. Check the Show more options option. The screen expands to show more options.
4. Check the Play another media synchronously option. The Extra media box and a Browse button are displayed.
5. In the Extra media box, enter the name of another media file with complete path or use the Browse button to select the media file.
6. You can change the Caching value for the media file being played.
7. Select the time at which the media file should start from the Start Time list.
8. You can see the selection you made in the Customize box.
9. Click on the Play button.

You can use the Show more options to watch a video while listening to an audio file or listen to two audio files played synchronously (one audio track can have the instrumental part and the other can have the corresponding voice).

Opening a Network

You can open a network and stream media from the selected network to the specified hosts. When you open a network you specify the network to be used for streaming media content.

1. From the Media menu select Open Network or Advanced Open File option and then select the Network tab.
The Open dialog box is displayed.
2. Select a protocol from the Protocol list.
The supported protocols are HTTP, HTTPS, FTP, MMS, RTSP, RTP, UDP and RTMP. MMS, RTP, RTMP, RTSP and UDP protocols are suitable for streaming media. The RTP, RTMP and RTSP protocols are for real transmission.
3. Select a protocol suitable to your content.
4. In the Address box, enter the address of the system from which the media is going to be streamed.
5. In the Port box, enter the port number from which streaming is done.
The default number is 1234.
6. When UDP is selected, the Allow Timeshifting option is enabled.
Timeshifting refers to the recording of programmes in a storage medium which is to be viewed or listened to at a time more convenient. Typically, this refers to TV programming but can also refer to radio shows through podcasts. When the network stream is played, the stream can be paused even if it is a live stream
7. Enter a URL in the Address box.
Note: The Port list is enabled only when RTP or UDP is selected.
8. Click on the before the Play button and select Stream from the popup menu.
9. In the Stream Output dialog box, specify the media file to be streamed and the address to which the streaming should be done.
   In the Stream Output dialog, you can specify further options. Refer to Specifying the Streaming Options.
10. Click on the Stream button.
Note: When the streaming is being done, the slider moves to show the progress.

Specifying Streaming Options

VLC provides several options for streaming media files. You can stream media files in two ways.

1. Select Streaming from the Media menu.

Or
Select Advanced Open File from the Media menu. The Open dialog box is displayed.
2. Click on the icon next to the Play button and select Stream from the popup menu.
The Stream Output dialog box is displayed.

Specify Outputs

1. Check the Play locally option to play the file while it is being streamed.
2. Check the File option to specify a path to save the converted file or click on the Browse button. The Save File dialog box is displayed. Select a container format from the Save As Type list.
A container is a file that can contain audio and video. You can also browse a folder to save the converted file. The audio and video is encoded using codecs and then stored in a container. A file’s extension can be used to identify the container format. VLC provides the following container formats:

Format	Description
.ps	Refers to MPEG program stream. Stores M-PEG 2 video muxed with other streams.
.ts	Refers to MPEG transport stream. Used for streaming video through a network or by a satellite.
.mpg	Refers to a family of standards used for coding audio and visual information.
.ogg	Refers to professional grade media product. Ogg Vorbis encodes audio and Ogg Vorbis encodes video.
.asf	Stores Windows Media Audio and Windows Media Video. ASF is designed to be used over audio and video information and is specially designed to run over networks.
.mp4	M-PEG 4 audio and video. Provides compression for web, voice and broadcast television applications.
.mov	Refers to the QuickTime media format. Used to store audio and video.

3. Select a file or enter the file name in the File name box.
4. Click on Save to save the media file in the selected container format.
5. Check the Dump Raw Output box to save the input stream as it is read by VLC, without any processing. If this option is selected, all other options are disabled.
6. Select HTTP to stream media files using the HTTP streaming method. Specify the Address and Port.
7. Select the MMSH access method to stream media files to the Microsoft Windows Media Player. The Address and Port options are enabled. Specify the Address and Port.
   MMS is a proprietary digital media streaming protocol developed by Microsoft. MMSH is MMS over HTTP.
8. Select RTP to stream the media using the RTP method. The Prefer UDP over RTP, Address, Port, Audio Port and Video Port options are enabled.
   RTP refers to the Real-Time Transfer Protocol. Like UDP, RTP can use both unicast and multicast addresses. RTP or UDP is extensively used for streaming live audio and video.
9. Specify the Address, Port, Audio Port and Video Port.
10. Select the Prefer UDP over RTP option.
VLC automatically tries to stream the media using the UDP protocol. If the streaming fails, VLC uses the IP address specified for the RTP protocol. This option can be used when no intervention is required from the consumer. The Audio Port and Video Port options get disabled if the Prefer UDP over RTP option is selected.
11. Select IceCast to distribute live audio and video over the Internet in real time.
    
    • Enter the Address and Port details.
    • Enter the login name and password in the Login:pass: box.
    • Enter the name of the Mount Point where the current listener should be redirected to.
    An IceCast mount point refers to a connector between an IceCast source stream and IceCast listeners.
12. Select a profile from the Profile list. The available profiles are Custom, Ogg/Vorbis, MPEG-2, MP3, MPEG-4 audio AAC, MPEG-4/DivX, H264, IPod (MP4, aac), Xbox, Windows (wmv/asf), and PSP.
    
13. Choose the encoder format from the Profiles or customise it.
14. Customise the other options by selecting the Encapsulation, Video codec, Audio codec and Subtitles tabs.
Note: The options under Encapsulation, Video codec, Audio codec and Subtitles tabs are enabled only if you select the Custom option. Encapsulation Refers to the format in which a stream is encapsulated. The available formats are MPEG-TS, MPEG-PS, MPEG 1, Ogg/Ogm, ASF/WMV, MP4, MOV, WAV, RAW, FLV and MKV. From the Encapsulation tab, select an encapsulation method that fits the codecs and access method of your stream. Video Codec The Video option is selected by default. The options related to codec, and bitrate are enabled only if the Video option is checked.
• Select the required codec from the Codec list. The available video codecs are MPEG-1, MPEG-2, MPEG-4, DIVX 1, DIVX 2, DIVX 3, H-263, H-264, WMV1, WMV2, MPEG, and Theora.
• Specify an average bitrate in the Bitrate (kb/s) box.
• Select a scale from the Scale list. The values are 1, 0.25, 0.5, 0.75, 1.25, 1.5, 1.75, and 2.

Audio Codec

The Audio option is selected by default. The options related to codec, bitrate and channels are enabled only if the Audio option is checked.

• Select an audio codec from the Codec list. The available audio codecs are Vorbis, MPEG Audio, MP3, MPEG4 Audio (AAC), A52/AC-3, Flac, Speex, WAV and WMA.
• Specify an average bit rate in the Bitrate (kb/s) box.
• Select a channel from the Channels list. In audio, a channel refers to a stream of audio that is to be played by one speaker. For example, stereo audio, consists of two channels.

Subtitles

Specify subtitles to be streamed along with your media file. To specify subtitles

• Check the Subtitles checkbox and select a subtitle from the Subtitle list.
This is the subtitle format that is to be included with the media that is streamed.
• Check the Overlay subtitles on the video option to render subtitles directly on the video, while transcoding it.

Miscellaneous

Time-To-Live (TTL)- This sets the numbers of routers your stream can go through, for UDP unicast and unicast access methods. With UDP multicast, the default TTL is set to 1, meaning that your stream won't get across any router. You may want to increase it if you want to route your multicast stream.

SAP Announce - SAP is a way to publicly announce streams that are being sent using multicast UDP or RTP. Enter the name of the stream in the text box. This is available only for the RTP streaming method.

Group Name – This allows you to specify a group for the session, which will be announced. Enter a name. This option is enabled only if the SAP Announce box is checked.

Stream all elementary streams – Select this option to you to stream all soundtracks and subtitles. This option separates the different elementary streams from a stream, and saves each of them in a different file or sends it to a separate destination.

Keep stream output open - Select this option to save incoming streams. This option is also used to make VLC act as a streaming server.

The options selected are displayed as a concatenated string in the Generated Stream Output String box.

15. Click on the Stream button. The selected file is streamed to the selected locations.
Note: The Streaming option present under the Media menu is the same as the Stream option in the list.

Common Options

VLC provides some common options which are easily accessible. Select Advanced Open File from the Media menu.

The Open file dialog box is displayed. There are four tabs such as File, Disc, Network and Capture Device. The options mentioned in the table are part of a dropdown list which is displayed when the button is clicked.

Option	Shortcut Key	Description
Enqueue	Alt + E	Adds media files to the playlist but doesn't play it until you click Play.
Play	Alt + P	Adds media files to the playlist and plays the media.
Stream	Alt + S	Adds media files to the playlist and streams it on the network.
Convert	Alt + C	Adds media files to the playlist. Converts a media file into the selected format.

Note: Leave Play locally unchecked because it decreases the conversion time. If you simultaneously play a file and convert it, it takes much more time.

Opening a Capture Device

A capture device captures an image from a video file or sound from an audio file. Capture devices include webcams, external DVD players, TV cards and acquisition cards. VLC supports capture devices if the devices have the DirectShow compatible drivers.

To capture media

1. Select Open Capture Device from the Media menu. The Open dialog box is displayed with the Capture Device tab selected.
VLC media player supports three modes of capture DirectShow, DVB DirectShow and Desktop. DirectShow: DirectShow, a Windows media streaming architecture, supports capture from digital and analog devices. DirectShow automatically detects and uses video and audio acceleration hardware when available, but also supports systems without acceleration hardware. To capture content using the DirectShow plug-in, select DirectShow from the Capture Mode list. The options in the rest of the dialog box change based on the option selected in the Capture Mode list. If you want to capture video, select a device from the list next to the Configure button under the Card Selection group. VLC provides default values. To adjust more options, select the required options from the device settings.

1. Click on the Configure button for Video. The Properties dialog box is displayed with two tabs, Device Settings and Advanced.
2. If the device name does not appear in the list, click on the Refresh button. The device name appears in a list next to the Configure button.
Device Settings
If the Auto box is checked for any parameter, the software automatically fixes the value for the parameter based on the video file. By default, the Auto option is enabled only for the White Balance parameter.
• Brightness: Move the slider till you get the desired brightness for the video capture. The default value is 5000.
• Contrast: Refers to the difference in visual properties that makes an object distinguishable from other objects and the background. Move the slider till you get the desired contrast. The default value is 5000.
• Saturation: Refers to the difference of a color against its own brightness. Move the slider to get the desired effect. The default value is 5000.
• Sharpness: Refers to the clarity of a video. Move the slider till you get the desired sharpness for the video capture. The default value is 6000.
• White Balance: Refers to colour balance. This option helps to make white actually white and makes skin tones look more natural. Uncheck the Auto option and Move the slider to get the desired effect.
• Backlight Comp: Refers to the ability of a camera to compensate in cases where a subject with a large amount of background light would otherwise be obscured by excessive light. The default value is 0. Move the slider to get the desired effect.

Advanced Settings



Automatic Gain Control – Is a circuit found on some electronic devices that automatically controls the gain of a signal. In AGC, weaker signals receive more gain and stronger signals receive less gain or none at all.

• Exposure - Refers to the amount of light allowed to fall on a selected media file while capturing images. There are occasions when you may have to manually adjust the exposure on your camera. Exposure is measured in seconds.
  For example, you have to take a shot of a person from a certain angle, and there is bright light behind the person. In such case, aim your camera on the person and adjust the exposure value by moving the slider. The specified value remains unchanged even after closing the VLC application.
• Gain - This option allows increasing or decreasing the brightness of the video being captured.
  When Automatic Gain Control is selected, the values you specified are taken as the default values for Exposure and Gain.
  Uncheck Automatic Gain Control to change the values of Exposure and Gain by moving the sliders.

Image Mirror

• Mirror Horizontal – If you select this option, the video clip is flipped horizontally. You can see a mirror view of the captured picture.
• Mirror Vertical - If you select this option, the video clip is flipped upside down.

Anti-Flicker – Refers to a process of filtering digital images to reduce image flicker. The available options are Off, 50 Hz (European) and 60 Hz (North America).

Image Enhancement – You can enhance the video being captured in terms of light and color using the following options:

• Low Light Boost – If you check this option, the exposure time of the camera increases in poor light conditions.
• Color Boost – If you check this option, the colors of the video being captured are boosted.

If you want to capture audio, select a device from the list next to the Configure button under the Card Selection group.

Click on the Configure button for Audio. The Properties dialog box is displayed. Specify the AudioInputMixer properties.



In the Master Input Mix group, check the Enable box. Control the tone of the audio using the Treble and Bass sliders.

• Loudness – Refers to volume of the audio. Adjust the volume by moving the slider.
• Mono – Refers to an amplifier connection. Adjust the volume by moving the slider.

In the Pin Line Input Mix group, check the Enable box. Select a line from the Pin Line list. The values in the Pin Line list are populated based on the selected audio input device.

3. Click on the Advanced options button to specify the following properties:
• Caching value in ms – Refers to the caching value for DirectShow streams. Enter or select a value.
• Video device name – Refers to the name of the video device that is used by DirectShow plugin. If you do not specify a device, the default device is used.
• Audio device name – Refers to the name of the audio device that is used by DirectShow plugin. If you do not specify a device, the default device is used.
• Video size – Refers to the size of the video that is displayed by the DirectShow plugin. The size of video is measured in pixels. If you do not specify the size, the default size is used.
• Video input chroma format - Chroma refers to the way colors are encoded. Enter a specific chroma format. The default value is 1420.
• Video input frame rate – Enter a specific frame rate. The default value is 0.
• Device properties – Check this option to view the properties dialog of the selected device before starting the stream.
• Tuner properties – Using this option you can set channels. A tuner converts signals into picture and sounds. Select this option to view the tuner properties (channel selection) dialog box.
• Tuner TV channel – Refers to a tuner for setting TV channels. The default is 0. The default channel is used to capture the media.
• Tuner country code – This option helps to establish the current channel-to-frequency mapping. The default is 0.
• Tuner input type – Select the tuner input type. Available values are cable and antenna.
• Video input pin – Select a video input source. Available values are Composite, S-video, and Tuner. These settings are hardware-specific. -1 means that settings will not be changed.
• Audio input pin – This option is used to capture audio using a specific audio input pin. These settings are hardware-specific. Select a number from the Audio input pin list.
• AM Tuner mode – This option is used to select a AM (amplitude modulation). The following are the tuner modes:

Value	Mode
0	Default
1	TV
2	AM Radio
3	FM Radio
4	DSS

Select a number from the AM Tuner mode list.

• Number of audio channels – Select an audio input format with the given number of audio channels. If the channels are unavailable, select 0.
• Audio sample rate – This option is used to set the sample rate. If the rates are unavailable, select 0.
• Audio bits per sample – Select audio input format with the given bits or sample. If the audio bits are unavailable, select 0.
4. Select the Convert option to select the encoding formats and click on the Save button. Refer to Converting and Saving a media file format.
5. Click on the Play button. The capturing of the media starts.

DVB DirectShow - Refers to a suite of internationally accepted open standards for digital television. VLC media player supports three types of DVBs and they are:

• DVB-S - Is an abbreviation for Digital Video Broadcasting - Satellite. It is the Digital Video Broadcasting forward error coding and modulation standard for satellite television. This is used via satellites.
• DVB-C – Is an abbreviation for Digital Video Broadcasting – Cable. It is the DVB European consortium standard for the broadcast transmission of digital television over cable. This system transmits MPEG-2 or MPEG-4 audio and video streams using a QAM modulation.
• DVB-T - Is an abbreviation for Digital Video Broadcasting – Terrestrial. It is the DVB European-based consortium standard for the broadcast transmission of digital terrestrial television. This system transmits compressed audio, video and other data in the MPEG format using the COFDM modulation.

Note: Ensure that you have the DVB card installed on your PC.

DVB-S – You can stream a live TV from a PC using the DVB-S option. To stream

1. Select Open Capture Device from the Media menu. The Open dialog box is displayed.
2. Select the Open Capture Device tab.
3. Select DVB DirectShow from the Capture Mode list.
4. Select DVB-S from DVB Type under the Card Selection group. In the Options group, specify the following
5. Select Transponder/multiplex frequency to set the transponder frequency. A transponder is a device that receives, amplifies and retransmits a signal on a different frequency.
6. Select Transponder symbol rate to set the transponder symbol rate.
7. Click on the Advanced options button to specify the following parameters:
• Caching value in ms – Refers to caching value for the DirectShow stream. Enter a value in milliseconds.
• Transponder / multiplex frequency - A transponder is a device that receives, amplifies and retransmits a signal on a different frequency. Select a frequency.
• Inversion Mode - Description to be added
• Satellite polarization – Polarization is a method of giving transmission signals a specific direction. The signals transmitted by a satellite can be polarized in four ways and they are: Horizontal, Vertical, Circular Left and Circular Right. Select an option.
• Network identifier – Refers to a unique ID used to identify a network. Select a number from the Network identifier list.
• Satellite Azhimuth – Azhimuth is an angular measurement made in the horizontal plane. Enter a value.
• Satellite Elevation– This option defines the angle between the Earth and the position of a satellite. Enter a value.
• Satellite Longitude – Refers to the satellite longitude in 10ths of degree. Enter a value.
• Antenna lnb_lof1 – Refers to low band local Osc Freq in kHz. Enter a value in kHz.
• Antenna lnb_lof2 - Refers to high band local Osc Freq in kHz. Enter a value in kHz.
• Antenna lnb_slof – Refers to low noise block switch freq in kHz. Enter a value in kHz.
• Transponder FEC – Refers to the forward error correction mode. Enter a value in kHz.
• Transponder symbol rate in kHz Description to be added
• Modulation Type – Refers to the QAM constellation points. The available values are 16, 32, 64, 126, and 256.
• Terrestrial high priority stream code rate (FEC) – Refers to the high priority FEC Rate. The available values are Undefined, 1/2, 2/3, 3/4, 5/6 and 7/8.
• Terrestrial low priority stream code rate (FEC) – Refers to the low priority FEC Rate. The available values are Undefined, 1/2, 2/3, 3/4, 5/6, and 7/8.
• Terrestrial bandwidth - Description to be added
• Terrestrial guard interval – Refers to a parameter that is used in encoding and modulation. Select an interval from the list.
• Terrestrial transmission mode - Description to be added
• Terrestrial hierarchy mode - Description to be added

DVB-C - You can stream digital TV using digital signal cables. The following is a procedure to stream content using the DVB-C standard.

1. Select Open Capture Device from the Media menu. The Open dialog box is displayed.
2. Select the Open Capture Device tab.
3. Select DVB DirectShow from the Capture Mode list.
4. Select DVB-C from DVB Type under the Card Selection group.
5. Select Transponder/multiplex frequency to set the transponder frequency.
6. Select Transponder symbol rate to set the transponder symbol rate.
7. Select an extra media if you want some background music using Show more options. Refer to [[#Playing_more_than_one_media_filePlaying more than one media file.
8. Select Convert to select the encoding formats and click on the Save button. Refer to Converting and Saving a Media File Format.
9. Click on the Play button to play the media.
10. Click on the Cancel button to exit the screen.

DVB-T - Follow the procedure below to stream DVB-T channels:

1. Select Open Capture Device from the Media menu. The Open dialog box is displayed.
2. Select the Open Capture Device tab.
3. Select DVB DirectShow from the Capture Mode list.
4. Select DVB-T from DVB Type under the Card Selection group.
5. Select Transponder/Multiplex frequency to set the transponder frequency.
6. Select Bandwidth to set the terrestrial bandwidth.
7. Select an extra media if you want some background music using Show more options. Refer to Playing more than one media file.
8. Click on the Play button to play the media.
9. Click on the Cancel button to exit the screen.

Note: The Advanced Options for the DVB-C and DVB-T are the same as the Advanced Options for the DVB-S.

Desktop - You can capture all your mouse movements and application actions and save the video in the selected format. This option is used to record the on-screen activity on your Windows desktop. For example, you can create videos to demonstrate the features or usage of a software.

1. To capture the desktop, select Open Capture Device from the Media menu. The Open dialog box is displayed.
2. Select the Open Capture Device tab.
3. Select Desktop from the Capture Mode list.
4. Enter a frame rate in the Desired frame rate for the capture box.
5. Select Convert to select the encoding formats and click on the Save button. Refer to Converting and Saving a media file format.
6. Select an extra media if you want some background music using Show more options. Refer to Playing more than one media file.
7. Click on the Play button to play the media.
8. Click on the Cancel button to exit the screen.

Streaming Media Files

Streaming is a method of delivering audio or video content across the network without downloading a file before it is played. You can view or listen to the content as it arrives. The advantage is that you need not download large files to watch a movie or listen to music. VideoLAN is designed to stream MPEG videos on high bandwidth networks.

VLC can be used as a server to stream MPEG-1, MPEG-2 and MPEG-4 files, DVDs and live videos on the network in unicast or multicast.

Unicast refers to a process where media files are sent to a single system through the network. Multicast refers to a process where media files are sent to multiple systems through the network.

VLC is also used as a client to receive, decode and display MPEG streams. MPEG-1, MPEG-2 and MPEG-4 streams received from the network or video from a camcorder can be sent to one machine or a group of machines.



To stream a file

1. Select Streaming from the Media menu. The Open dialog box is displayed. The Open File tab is selected by default.
2. Select the media file from the options available such as a file, a network, a disc or a capture device.
3. Click on Stream. The Stream Output dialog box is displayed. Refer to Specifying Streaming Options.
4. Click on Stream in the Stream Output dialog box.

Note: When the streaming is being done, the slider moves to show the progress.

Converting and Saving a Media File Format

VLC media player is the best option for multimedia conversion. It can convert different media formats to the format of your preference. To convert a media file

1. Select Open File from the Media menu. The Open dialog box is displayed.
2. Select a media file and click on the Open button. The media file is played.
3. Select Convert/Save from the Media menu. The Open dialog box is displayed.
4. Select the media file and click on Convert. The Stream Output dialog box is displayed. Refer to Specifying Streaming Options

Audio

Using the VLC media player, you can play audio files of different formats. You can enable tracks, convert audio tracks, view tracks in various visualizations, and set visualizations. Audio tracks of the .asf, .avi, .divx, .dv, .mxf, .ogg, .gm, .ps, .ts, .vob, and .wmv formats are supported.

Note: The options under the Audio menu are enabled only if an audio file is played.

Playing an Audio Track

You can play, enable and disable an audio track. To play a track

1. Select Open File from the Media menu.
2. Select an audio file and click on the Play button. The selected track is played.
3. To disable a track, select the Disable option in the Audio Track from the Audio menu. The selected track stops.
4. To play the same track again, select the Track 1 option in the Audio Track from the Audio menu. The selected track is played.

Audio Device

This option helps you to listen to audio files in two modes: stereo and mono.

1. To listen to an audio track in either the Stereo or Mono mode, select Open File or Open Disc from the Media menu. The Open dialog box is displayed.
2. Select an audio file and click on the Play button. The selected track is played.
3. Select Mono in Audio Device from the Audio menu if you want to listen to the audio track in the Mono mode.
Mono refers to monoaural sound that uses a single channel for sound reproduction.
4. Select Stereo in Audio Device from the Audio menu if you want to listen to the audio track in the Stereo mode.
Stereo refers to sound that uses two channels for sound reproduction.

Audio Channels

In audio, a channel refers to a stream of audio that is to be played by one speaker. For example, stereo audio, consists of two channels. This option is useful for codecs that don’t have support for more than 2 channels.

Select a channel type in Audio Channels from the Audio menu. VLC media player provides four audio channels and they are:

1. Stereo – Refers to the reproduction of the sound in two channels using more than one speaker. If you use this option, you would feel as though the sound is played from all the directions. You can observe this in a regular home theatre with 5.1 or 6.1 speakers.
2. Left – You can observe this in a regular audio player with 2.1 speakers. If you select the Left option, the music is played only in the left speaker. The speaker on your right is automatically switched OFF.
3. Right - If you select the Right option, the music is played only in the speaker on your right side. The speaker on your left is automatically switched OFF.
4. Reverse Stereo – There are several applications that are used to reverse the stereo whereas VLC has an in-built feature to reverse the stereo. This option is useful if you want the audio to play in tandem with the video. You can use the Reverse Stereo option if you want to deliberately change the audio output.

Imagine that you are watching a video. In the video, a person walks on the left side but the sound is produced on the right speaker. You can correct this by selecting the Reverse Stereo option in VLC. Select the Reverse Stereo option and play the same scene in the video and observe the difference.

You can observe this with 2.1, 5.1 and 6.1 speakers.

Visualise Audio

Visualizations display splashes of colour and geometric shapes when audio is played.

The different visual effects available are Spectrometer, Scope, VU Meter, Spectrum and Goom.

1. Select an option under the Visualizations option from the Audio menu to view the effects. The selected visualization is played.
2. To disable visualizations, select Disable under Visualizations from the Audio menu. The visualization is disabled.

Video

You can play video files, video clips and others using the VLC media player. You can resize, change the aspect ratio, crop videos, load subtitles, deinterlace, save snapshots, and convert videos as DirectX wallpapers.

Video tracks of the .asf, .avi, .divx, .dv, .mxf, .ogg, .gm, .ps, .ts, .vob, and .wmv formats are supported.

Playing a Video Track

1. Select File => Quick Open File... or key CTRL-O.
2. Select a video track and double-click it.

The selected track is played.

Loading Subtitle Tracks

A subtitle is a textual version of a movie’s dialogue. Subtitles are helpful if you are viewing a movie in a language that is not understandable to you. You can load subtitles for video tracks. Subtitles of the formats .cdg, .idx, .srt, .sub, .utf, .ass, and .ssa are supported.

VLC can read subtitles for the media such as DVD, SVCD, OGM files, and Matroska (MKV) files.

To enable the subtitle for a track

1. Select Load under Subtitle from the Video menu. The Open Subtitles File dialog box is displayed.
2. Locate the file which contains the subtitle and click on Open. The subtitle is displayed.

Zoom

You can enlarge videos in different sizes. This option is useful if you want to change the size of a video track which is being played. The supported sizes are 1:4 Quarter, 1:2 Half, 1:1 Original and 2:1 Double.

To view a video in a particular dimension, select a dimension from Zoom in the Video menu. The track is resized based on the selected dimension.

Deinterlace

Deinterlace refers to a process where interlaced video signals are converted into non-interlaced signals. VLC provides the Discard, Blend, Mean, Bob, Linear, and X deinterlacement methods.

1. Select Deinterlace from the Video menu. The Deinterlace menu has a sub menu which contains a list of methods.
2. Select a method and observe the change in the video being played.

Aspect Ratio

Aspect ratio refers to the width of a picture in relation to its height. For example, the ratio 4:3 means four units wide to three units high. VLC provides a list of aspect ratio values and they are Default, 1:1, 4:3, 16:9, 16:10, 2.21:1, and 5:4.

To select an aspect ratio, select Aspect Ratio from the Video menu. The video is adjusted based on the selected ratio.

Crop

This option is helpful if you want to capture a small portion of a video as an image. This also helps crop the black bars of the top and bottom of a video.

The cropping values that are supported are Default, 16:10, 16:9, 1.85:1, 2.21:1, 2.35:1, 2.39:1, 5:3, 4:3, 5:4, and 1:1.

To crop a video that is played, select a value from Crop in the Video menu. The video is cropped based on the selected value.

Full Screen

This option is useful if you want to watch the video in the full screen mode.

1. Select Full Screen from the Video menu. The video occupies the entire screen.
2. To return to the original mode, press Esc on the keyboard or right-click the mouse and select the Leave Full Screen option. The video returns to its original mode.

Note: When you switch to full screen, the controls may appear for a short period of time. To restore the controls after they disappear, move the mouse or press any key on the keyboard.

Always on Top

This option is useful if you want the VLC media player to remain on the top of the screen always when other applications or files are open.

1. To make the VLC media player appear on top of the screen, select Always on Top from the Video menu.
2. If you do not want VLC to appear on the top of the screen, select the Always on Top option from the Video menu and manually minimise the VLC application.

DirectX Wallpaper

This option is useful if you want to display the video which is being played as your desktop wallpaper.

To view the current video file as wallpaper

1. Select Advanced File Open from the Media menu. The Open dialog box is displayed.
2. Select a file and click Play.
3. Select DirectX Wallpaper from the Video menu.

The wallpaper mode displays the video as the desktop background. Note that this feature works only if you deactivate overlay under Windows XP.

Snapshot

This option is useful if you want to capture a portion of the video as an image.

1. Select Advanced File Open from the Media menu. The Open dialog box is displayed.
2. Select a file and click Play.
3. To capture an image from the video, select Snapshot from the Video menu.

The image is captured as a .png file and is saved in the C:\My Pictures folder by default.

Playback

VLC media player helps you to create media files. After creating media files, the quality has to be tested. You can test the quality and several other parameters using playback. In playback, you can specify parameters such as time, bookmarks, and titles.

Specify the time

This option is used to go to a specific frame in a media file and listen or view once again.

1. To specify time select Go to Specific Time from the Playback menu. The Go to Time dialog box is displayed.
2. Enter the time in hh:mm:ss.
3. Click on the Go button. The control moves the tracker to a specific frame and the media file continues from that specified frame.
4. Click Cancel to exit the dialog box.

Note: Ensure that time limit is within the range of length of the media file.



Bookmarks

You can mark and locate particular places in an audio or video file using the Bookmarks feature of VLC. If you want to view a particular scene in a movie or listen to certain tune in a song repeatedly, you can create bookmarks.

To bookmark a scene in a movie

1. From the Tools menu select the Bookmarks option. The Edit Bookmarks dialog box is displayed.
2. Click Create to create a bookmark for the current track. The created bookmark is displayed in the Edit Bookmarks dialog box.
3. To view a scene that is bookmarked, select a bookmark from Bookmarks in the Playback menu.

Note: The Bookmarks option in the Playback menu will not be enabled if bookmarks are not created. Note: Loading bookmarks is currently broken as of 0.9.9 see http://trac.videolan.org/vlc/ticket/2100

Title

In a DVD format, each movie is referred to by its title or name. A title is displayed whenever a movie is played by any media player. You can view all titles in a folder in a sequential manner.

1. To open a folder, select Open Folder from the Media menu. Locate the folder in which the video files are present and click on OK.
2. To select a title, select a Title under Title in the Playback menu. The selected title is played.

Chapter

A video is divided into chapters. Different chapters can be accessed at random in a video which is being played. Using this option, you can directly view your favourite chapter without having to see the complete video.

To play a chapter

1. Select Open Folder from the Media menu.
2. Locate the folder in which the video files are present.
3. Select a video file and click on OK.
The file is played in the VLC media player.
4. Select Chapter in the Playback menu to view the list of chapters. Select a chapter of your choice.
The selected chapter is played.

Navigation

In VLC, you can navigate to different titles and their corresponding chapters. You can also customise a DVD by selecting options such as subtitle, angle and so on.

1. To customise a title, select the required option from DVD Menu in the Navigation menu.
2. To view a title, select a Title under Navigation in the Playback menu. The selected title is played.
3. To view a chapter in a title, select Title. When you select a title, the chapters in a title are listed. Select a chapter.

Refer to Title and Chapter sections for more details.

Program

This option is enabled only if streams of format DVB and TS are played. Choose the program to select by giving its Service ID. Only use this option if you want to read a multi-program stream (like DVB streams for example). Description needs to be improved

Playlist

A playlist is a customised list of media files you might want to watch or listen to. Using playlist, you can specify the audio files you want to listen each time you start the VLC media player. For example, you can add tracks from CDs, radio stations, and movies to a playlist.

Additional Sources

In addition to audio and video files, you can play other formats. The additional formats provided by VLC media player are described in the following sections:

• Podcasts - Podcast (Personal On Demand broadCASTING) is a series of audio or video digital media files which is distributed over the Internet and downloaded to media players. Consumers can subscribe to Podcast and whenever new content is added it gets automatically added to the playlist. You can customise Podcasts. To add a Podcast URL
  1. Select Podcast from Additional Sources in the Playlist menu.
  2. Select Show Playlist from the Playlist menu. The Playlist dialog box is displayed. Podcast is added in the left pane.
  3. Click on Podcast to select it in the left pane. The Podcast streams are added under Title in the right pane.
  4. Select a Podcast stream and right-click. Select Play from the popup menu.
• SAP Announcements – Helps advertise your stream over the network.
To play a SAP announcement
1. Select SAP Announcement from Additional Sources in the Playlist menu.
2. Select Show Playlist from the Playlist menu. The Playlist dialog box is displayed. SAP is added in the left pane.
3. Click on SAP to select it in the left pane. The SAP announcements are added under Title in the right pane.
4. Select a SAP announcement and right-click. Select Play from the popup menu.
• Shoutcast Radio Listings – Shoutcast is a server for streaming the media developed by Nullsoft. Digital audio content can be broadcast from and to media players and this helps individuals to create Internet radio networks. Using VLC media player, you can listen to your favourite radio stations and you can also create bookmarks to listen to these radio stations in future.
To customise a Shoutcast radio listing
1. Select Shoutcast radio listing under Additional Sources in the Playlist menu.
2. Select Show Playlist from the Playlist menu. The Playlist dialog box is displayed. Shoutcast Radio is added to the playlist. Shoutcast Radio is added only if you select Shoutcast radio listing from Additional Sources.
3. Select the Shoutcast Radio in the left hand panel. A list of radio stations appears in the right hand panel. If nothing appears in the right hand panel try double-clicking the Shoutcast Radio option and wait. It may take a few minutes the first time. After a while, the right hand panel displays a list of titles.

4. Scroll down and select a radio station.
5. Right-click on a radio station and
   1. Select Play if you want to listen to the radio station.
   2. Select Delete if you want to delete the radio station.
   3. Select the Stream option. The Stream output dialog box is displayed. Refer to the Specifying Specifying Streaming options section for more details. Modify the required parameters and click on the Stream button to stream the media file.
   4. Click to select a title in the Playlist dialog box and right-click. Select Save from the popup menu. The Stream Output dialog box is displayed. Select the required options and click on the Save button in the Stream Output dialog box. Refer to the Specifying Streaming options section for more details.
   5. Select the Information option. The Media Information dialog box is displayed with details of the media being played.
   6. Select Sort to alphabetically sort the radio stations.
   7. Click to select a title in the Playlist dialog box and right-click. Select Open Folder from the popup menu. A folder is opened to show all sub nodes within a title.
   8. Select Add Node to add a node.
   9. Click to select a title in the Playlist dialog box and right-click. Select Information from the popup menu to view the details of the selected title. Refer to the Media Information section for more details on options.
• Shoutcast TV stream – You can watch streaming TV using the VLC media player. Shoutcast TV stream refers to a stream transmitted by Nullsoft. The procedure of customising the TV stream and the options are similar to that of the Shoutcast Radio.
• Freebox TV listing – Refers to television service over ADSL accessible by Freebox Free Zone unbundled.

Note: You should be connected to the Internet to access these streams.

Add Media Files to Playlist

You can add several media files to a playlist. The media files could be selected from the media library, additional sources, and some other source.

To add files to a playlist

1. Select Show Playlist from the Playlist menu. The Open playlist file dialog box is displayed.
2. Locate the media file and click on OK.
3. Click on the Add icon. A short list appears with two options: Add file and Add directory.
   1. Select Add file to add a file to the playlist.
   2. Select Add directory to add a directory containing media files to the playlist.
4. Click on the Random icon. This icon toggles between Random and Random Off. Click on to play files at random. Click on and the files are played in an order.
5. Click on the Repeat icon. This icon toggles between Repeat One and Repeat All. If you want to listen to a track several times, click on icon. If you want to listen to all tracks, click on again.
6. To search for a media file, enter the name in the Search box. To search for media files with certain names or formats, enter a word or phrase in the Search box. All files with the specified name are listed.
7. Click on the icon. This icon is used to skip to the current item when you have a very long list.
8. Click on the icon to clear a track from the playlist.

Load Playlist

This option is used to add a playlist created in some other media player. You can load playlists of the .xspf, .asx, .b4s and .m3u formats. To load a playlist

1. Select the Load Playlist option from the Playlist menu. The Open playlist file dialog box is displayed.
2. Locate a playlist file and click on Open.
The selected playlist is added in the current playlist dialog box.

Save Playlist

You can save playlists using the VLC media player in format of your choice. To save a playlist

1. Create a playlist. Refer to Add Media Files to Playlist for creating a playlist.
2. Select Save Playlist to File from the Playlist menu. The Choose a filename to save playlist dialog box is displayed.
3. Select the created playlist.
4. Select a format in which the playlist must be saved from the Files of type list. The Files of type list contains the .xspf and .m3u formats.
5. Click on Save to save the playlist in the selected format.

Play a file

To play a file, open the Media menu, and select the Open File menu item. An Open File dialog box will appear. Select the file you want to open, and click Open. VLC will start playing the selected file. An alternative is to drag 'and' drop your file onto the VLC main interface or playlist window from the file explorer (Finder on MacOS X).

VLC 0.9.8a version Windows XP mode

The File menu - MacOS X interface- needs verifying for 0.9

The Open file dialog - wxWidgets interface

(need 0.9 screenshot for MacOS) The Open file dialog - MacOS X interface

Play a CD/DVD/VCD

To Play a CD, VCD or a DVD, open the File menu, and select the Open Disc... menu item. In the Open Disk Dialog Box, select the type of media (DVD, VCD or Audio CD). When reading a DVD, you can enable DVD menus by selecting the DVD (menus) disc type in the wxWidgets Interface. In the MacOS X interface, this can be done by selecting the "Use DVD menus" dialog box.

You can select the drive from which the media should be read by giving the appropriate drive letter or device name in the "Device Name" text input. This should be auto-detected on MacOS X.

If you want to start the DVD or VCD playback from a given title and chapter instead of from the beginning, you can set it using the Title and Chapter selectors.

You can start playback by selecting the Ok button.

The Open disk dialog - wxWidgets interface- needs verifying for 0.9

The Open disk dialog - MacOS X interface- needs verifying for 0.9

Play a network stream (WebRadio, WebTV, etc.)

To open a network stream, open the "Media" menu and select the "Open Network" menu item.

• To open a UDP unicast stream, select UDP/RTP, and set the appropriate UDP port in the selector (it is 1234 for streams sent by a VLC or VLS server).
• To open a UDP multicast stream, select UDP/RTP multicast. Give the address of the multicast group in the "Address" text input, and select the appropriate UDP port.
• To open a stream sent over http (Webradios, WebTVs, Shoutcast, Icecast...), ftp, or mms (Microsoft Media Server), select "HTTP/FTP/MMS", and give the corresponding complete URL, (http://www.tvcultura.com.br/radiofm/radiofm.asx) in the corresponding text input. This also the way to open a RTSP stream with the MacOS X interface.
• To open a RTSP stream (sent by Darwin Streaming Server, VLC, etc), in the wxWidgets interface, select "RTSP" and give the URL in the text input.

You can start playback by selecting the Ok button.

If you get some stuttering during playback, you can try to increase the size of the read buffer. This can be done in the Open Network Stream dialog box, by selecting the Caching box. You can then choose the amount time (in milliseconds) VLC should store data in its buffer before starting playback.

The Open network dialog - wxWidgets interface- needs verifying for 0.9

The Open network dialog - MacOS X interface- needs verifying for 0.9

Example finding a Shoutcast radio stream

This example was verified as working on 15 October 2008, using VLC 0.9.4 under Windows Vista. This needs reproducing by other people on other versions and other operating systems.

1. Ensure your firewall is set to allow the VideoLan program to make outgoing connections.

2. Click Tools then Preferences, click Interface and then click All under "Show settings". Then click the "-" next to "Playlist" in order to show the "Services discovery" submenu. If the shoutcast radio listings box is empty, click it so that a check-mark appears. The text field underneath should now show the word "shout". Click the Save button to save and close the Preferences window:



3. Restart VLC media player to make it take notice of the changed preferences.

4. On the VLC interface click Playlist, then click Show Playlist. Select the "Shoutcast Radio" in the left hand panel. If nothing appears in the righthand panel, try double-clicking "Shoutcast Radio" and waiting, it may take a few minutes the first time. After a while the righthand panel displays a long list of titles.



5. Scroll down the radio stations in the right-hand panel and select one. Click the mouse right button and click the "Play" item.



6. It may take some time for the connection to the radio station to establish (and it may fail if the station's outgoing streams are all occupied). When it does connect, VLC should start playing the audio stream from the station:



Example playing a known Shoutcast radio stream

Go to http://www.shoutcast.com/ and search for a radio station of your choice. On Windows, right-click your mouse over Shoutcast's "Tunein" button and click "Save Link As..." to save the playlist on your computer. Remember where you saved the playlist, rename it to something that makes sense.

At any time later, you can use VLC to open the saved playlist and listen to that radio station.

For example, to find a BBC World Service radio stream, use a browser to go to: http://www.shoutcast.com/directory/search_results.jsp?searchCrit=simple&s=bbc

One of the stations listed may be playing the World Service, if so move your mouse over the "TUNEIN!" webicon and click the right mouse button and click "Save Link As...", as described above.

Play from an acquisition card

This currently only possible on Linux and Windows. Open the File menu, and select "Open Capture Device..."

On Windows, supported cards include webcams, TV cards, acquisition cards... provided they come with directshow compatible drivers (Almost all acquisition cards do). You can choose the device to use for video and audio capture using the "Video device name" and "Audio device name" selectors. If your device doesn't appear in the list, try to select the "Refresh list" button. You can access the settings of your acquisition device by selecting the configure button. Options here depend on the driver of the device. You can select the "Device Proprieties" box if you want the configuration dialog box of every device to be displayed after having pressed the Ok button. Select the Tuner properties box to be prompted for tuner settings (PAL/NTSC standard, frequency...) for TV cards. The Advanced options... button allows to select some further settings useful in some rare cases, such as the chroma of the input (the way colors are encoded) and the size of the input buffer.

The Open Capture device dialog and a device configuration windows- wxWidgets interface- needs verifying for 0.9

On Linux, supported cards include webcams, TV cards, acquisition cards, provided they are supported by the Video4Linux architecture. Haupaugge PVR 250/350 cards are also supported, using the IVTV drivers.

• For Video4Linux devices, you can set the name of the video and audio devices using the "Video device name" and "Audio device name" text inputs. The "Advanced options..." button allows to select some further settings useful in some rare cases, such as the chroma of the input (the way colors are encoded) and the size of the input buffer.

The Open Video4Linux dialog- wxWidgets interface- needs verifying for 0.9

• To use a Hauppauge PVR card, select the PVR tab in the "Open" dialog box. Use the "Device" text input to set the device of the card you want to use. You can set the Norm of the tuner (PAL, SECAM or NTSC) by using the "Norm" Drop Down. The Frequency selector allows you to set the frequency of the tuner (in kHz), the bitrate selector to set the bitrate of the resulting encoded stream (in bit/s). The "Advanced Options button allows to set some more settings, such as the size of the encoded video (in pixels), its framerate (in frame per second), the interval between 2 key frames, etc.

After having set all the required parameters, you can start the capture by selecting the "Ok" button.

The Open PVR dialog- wxWidgets interface- needs verifying for 0.9

Playlist

VLC can store a list of files to play one after the other, using its playlist system. To access the playlist, click on the Playlist button in the main interface.

Each time you use the Open dialog box, the stream you select is appended at the end of the playlist and started.

The playlist window shows all the available streams. Double-click one to play it.

The Playlist - wxWidgets interface- needs updating for 0.9

The Playlist - MacOS X interface- needs verifying for 0.9

Adding items, saving and loading playlists

In the wxWidgets interface, the Manage menu allows you to append an item at the end of the playlist (it's playback doesn't start immediately), to save the playlist as an M3U or PLS file, or to import a playlist file.

In the MacOS X interface, saving a playlist can be done using the Save Playlist... function in the File menu. To import a playlist file, open it the same way as any other media file, using the Quick Open File... menu item.

Sorting

In the wxWidgets interface, Sort allows you to sort the playlist according to several criteria, or to shuffle it. You can also sort by clicking the header of the column.

In the MacOS X interface, sorting can be done by clicking the header of the column matching the criteria you want to use for sorting.

Playlist modes

The playlist supports several playback modes.

In the wxWidgets interface, the toolbar contains three playlist mode buttons. They allow to enable random mode, to repeat the whole playlist or to repeat one item.

In the MacOS X interface, random mode can be enabled by selecting the Random box. A drop down menu allows you to enable playlist and item repeat modes.

Misc

Search

You also have a search tool. Enter a search string and hit search. The next item to match the string will be highlighted. Keep hitting Search to cycle between all matching items.

Moving items

In the wxWidgets interface, the Up and Down buttons at the bottom of the playlist window allow you to move an item. Select an item and use these buttons to move it.

In the MacOS X interface, you can easily move an item with the mouse, using drag-and-drop.

Contextual menu

By right-clicking or control-clicking an item, a contextual menu will appear, giving access to a number of functions (for example, play the item, disable it, delete it, or get info on it).

If you ask for info, an item info dialog box will appear. This dialog box also allows you to change the name, the author and the location of the item to play.

Item Info Dialog - wx Interface- needs verifying for 0.9

Item Info Dialog - MacOS X interface- needs verifying for 0.9

Subtitles

VLC supports many kinds of subtitles.

Media with included subtitles

Many types of media can have embedded subtitles. VLC can read subtitles for the following media:

• DVD
• SVCD
• OGM files
• Matroska (MKV) files

Subtitles are disabled by default. To enable them, go to the Video menu, and to Subtitles track. All available subtitles tracks will be listed. Select one to get the subtitles. Depending on the media, a description (language, for example) might be available for the track.

Select a subtitles track under Windows or Linux- needs verifying for 0.9

Select a subtitles track under MacOS X- needs verifying for 0.9

DVD and SVCD subtitles are merely images, so you won't be able to change anything for them. OGM and Matroska subtitles are rendered text, so you will be able to change several options.

Text rendering options can be changed in the Preferences. In the Modules section, text renderer subsection, open the freetype page. You can then set the font and its size. For the font, you have to select a font file. Under Windows, they can be found in C:\Windows\Fonts. Under MacOS X, they are in /System/Library/Fonts. Size can be set either relatively or as a number of pixels.

You need to restart your stream for the font modifications to take effect.

Subtitles files

While modern file formats like Matroska or OGM can handle subtitles directly, older formats like AVI can't. Therefore, a number of subtitles files formats have been created. You need two files: the video file and the subtitles files that only contains the text of the subtitles and timestamps.

VLC can handle these types of subtitles files:

• MicroDVD
• SubRIP
• SubViewer
• SSA
• Sami
• Vobsub (this one is quite special: it is not made from text but from images, which means that you can't change the fonts)

To open a subtitles file, use the Advanced Open dialog box (Menu File, Open file). Select your file by clicking on the Browse button. Then, check the Subtitle options checkbox and click on the Settings button.

Select a subtitles file under Windows or Linux- needs verifying for 0.9

You can then select the subtitles file by clicking the Browse button. You can also set a few options like character encoding, alignment and size. The delay option allows you to delay the subtitles against the video if they are not in sync. If they are not at the same speed, you might also want to adjust the subtitles framerate.

Note: For Vobsub subtitles, you need to select the .idx file, not the .sub file. Encoding, alignment and size won't have any effect for Vobsub subtitles.

Font can be changed as explained in the previous section.

Video and audio filters

VLC includes a system of filters that allow you to modify the audio and video.

Deinterlacement and Post Processing

VLC is able to deinterlace a video stream using different deinterlacement methods. Deinterlacement can be enabled in the Video menu, Deinterlacement menu item. The Blend methods gives the best results in most cases. The discardmethod is a less resource consuming alternative.

On some particular streams (MPEG 4, DIVX, XVID, Sorenson, etc.), some additional image filtering can be applied to the video before display, improving its quality in some cases. This can be enabled in the Video menu, Post processing menu item. Different levels of post processing can be chosen here. A higher level means more filtering.

Video filters

VLC features several filters able to change the video (distortion, brightness adjustment, motion blurring, etc.).

With the wxWidgets interface, filters can be easily enabled using the Extended GUI. In the Video tab, simply select the filters to enable. Image settings can be easily adjusted.

Video filters selection in the wxWidgets interface- needs verifying for 0.9

You can enable these filters through the Extended Controls panel on Mac OS X. Click on the triangle next to Video filters to select your filters or expand the Adjust Image section to change the contrast, hue, etc.

Video filters selection in the Mac OS X interface- needs verifying for 0.9

For better control, you need to go to the preferences. To select the filters to be enabled, go to Video, then to Filters. In the "video filter module" box, enter the names of the filters to enable, separated by semicommas. Filters will be applied in the selected order. Valid names are "clone", "wall", "transform", "adjust", "crop", "deinterlace", "distort", "motionblur" and "logo".

If you want to tune the behavior of these filters, go to Video, Filters, [your filter]. For each filter, you will find a short description and the options.

Audio filters

Equalizer

VLC features a 10-band graphical equalizer. You can display it by activating the advanced GUI on wxWidgets or by clicking the Equalizer button on the MacOS X interface.

The equalizer in the wxWidgets interface- needs verifying for 0.9

The equalizer in the MacOS X interface- needs verifying for 0.9

Presets are available in the Audio menu in wxWidgets, or in the Equalizer window in the MacOS X interface.

Other audio filters

At the moment, VLC features two other audio filters: a volume normalizer and a filter providing sound spatialization with a headphone. They can be enabled in the Audio tab of the extended GUI for the wxWidgets interface and in the Audio section of the Extended Controls panel of the Mac OS X interface.

For better control, you need to go to the preferences. To select the filters to be enabled, go to Audio, then to Filters. In the "audio filters" box, enter the names of the filters to enable, separated by commas. Valid names are "equalizer", "normvol" and "headphone".

If you want to tune the behavior of these filters, go to Audio, Filters, [your filter]. The equalizer and headphone filters can be tuned.

Snapshots (aka, screenshots)

There are two ways to take snapshots (i.e., screenshots or frame grabs) with VLC:

1. Go to Video -> Snapshot, or
2. Press the snapshot hotkey
   • Windows / Linux / Unix: Ctrl-Alt-s
   • Mac OS X: Command-Alt-s

When a snapshot is taken, it will briefly preview as a thumbnail with its filename and then fade away.

To change the hotkey, go to Preferences -> Interface -> Hotkeys settings. Check Advanced options, and set Take video snapshot.

Snapshot location, format and name

The snapshot location depends upon your operating system:

• Windows: My Documents\My Pictures\
• Linux / Unix: $(HOME)/.vlc/
• Mac OS X: Desktop/

The default format for snapshots is PNG, but this may be changed to JPEG. Also, the default name for snapshots is vlcsnap- followed by a timestamp that is not the time of the frame in the video you're viewing.

The location, format and name of snapshots may be changed in the Preferences. Also, you may substitute other text for vlcsnap- in the Video snapshot file prefix and you may choose to have snapshots numbered sequentially (i.e., 000001, 000002, 000003, and so on) instead of with a timestamp. As of version 0.9.0, you may even use variables in the text used for the filename. For example, $T (must be upper case) will insert the video's time code into the file name. If you were to change the prefix to Friends-$T- while watching a DVD of Friends, then the snapshot filenames would look something like this: Friends-00_05_21-00004.png . This indicates a snapshot taken at 5 minutes and 21 seconds into the video; and it was the number 00004 snapshot of the day.

For a full list of variables, please see Documentation:Play HowTo/Format String.

Hotkeys

Most of VLC functions are accessible using hotkeys.

The list of the available hotkeys and their functions can be retrieved and altered in the preferences panel of the player. In the wxWidgets interface, preferences are available in the "Settings" menu, "Preferences" menu item. In the MacOS X interface, open the "VLC" menu, and select "Preferences". Select the "Hot keys" panel in the dialog.

As of version 0.9, a list of hotkeys is presented in a drop-down window. To change one, double-click its name to select it. Then, press the new key that will trigger the specified action. Modifier keys (such as Control/Command and Alt) may also be used.

In earlier versions, several boxes give the list of modifiers for the hotkey. To trigger an action using a hotkey, you need to press simultaneously the keys corresponding to the different selected modifiers as well as the key set in the dropdown.

To change the binding of a hotkey, select or deselect boxes corresponding to the different modifiers, and change the key by using the drop-down menu. Select the Save button to apply the changes.

The Hotkeys Panel - wxWidgets interface- needs verifying for 0.9

The Hotkeys Panel - MacOS X interface- needs verifying for 0.9

Basic troubleshooting

File does not play, only sound or only video

Maybe the file you are trying to read is not fully supported. VLC does not use the codec packs (the software that decodes video signals) you might have installed. It comes with its own codecs. If there is no open-source decoder for the format you are trying to read, it won't be supported. (There is an exception, under Windows, for codecs that use the DirectShow framework.)

To find out, open the Messages Window (View menu) and restart your stream. Look for error messages (red messages)

The wxWidgets messages window- needs verifying for 0.9

In this example, the file contains a IV41 video stream, a codec that is not supported by VLC.

You may of course have other messages. If you post to a VideoLAN mailing list or in the forum, please include such a log. It is very valuable in troubleshooting.

Weird VLC behavior and crashes

A very common thing is a corrupted VLC preferences file. Don't hesitate to delete it if problems appear suddenly. You will find in the FAQ details on how to delete your preferences file.

Computer crashes / Video is corrupted

Another common problem is buggy video drivers. Try upgrading them from the website of your video card's manufacturer.

Also, you can try disabling Overlay (Preferences/General/Video, untick "Overlay video output")

This page is part of official VLC media player Documentation (User Guide • Streaming HowTo • Hacker Guide • Modules)
Please read the Documentation Editing Guidelines before you edit the documentation
Permission is granted to copy, distribute and/or modify this document under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by the Free Software Foundation; either version 2 of the License, or (at your option) any later version.